Brickman AM, et al. Nat Neurosci 2014 — Cocoa flavanols improved dentate-gyrus function/memory in older adults. 

Krikorian R, et al. J Agric Food Chem 2010 — 12-week blueberry supplementation improved memory in older adults. 

Barnes LL, et al. N Engl J Med 2023 — MIND diet RCT: both groups improved; no significant between-group difference. 

Toda T, et al. Front Neurosci 2018 — Review: adult hippocampal neurogenesis supports memory functions. 

Morel GR, et al. Front Aging Neurosci 2017 — Review: IGF-1 supports hippocampal plasticity/memory in models. 

Kim SH, et al. Brain Res 2024 — IGF-1 overexpression → ↑ survival of newborn DG cells & improved recent memory (preclinical). 

Chen H, et al. Int J Med Sci 2015 — Review: mastication helps maintain hippocampus-dependent cognition. 

Allen AP, et al. BioMed Res Int 2015 — Chewing gum: ↑ alertness/attention; work-day intervention benefits. 

Momose T, et al. J Oral Rehabil 1997 — Chewing increased regional cerebral blood flow (PET). 

(Context) Akhondzadeh et al. RCTs & reviews — Saffron showed similar cognitive outcomes to donepezil/memantine in small AD trials; safety generally favorable vs. donepezil. 

Francis AJ, et al. 2024 Review — Curcumin shows signals on working memory/mood; mixed overall. 

Loong S, et al. 2023 — Higher omega-3 status associated with better memory/processing speed in healthy older adults.